If this is a newer GE side by side, the first thing I check is if there is water going into the door, remove the toe plate under, and inspect the water line union under the freezer door. If its a blue push in type connector, squeeze the white collars together while grasping and gently pulling the water line away from the union, if you squeeze hard enough, the line will slip right out. If its a white screw type union, simply unscrew it. place both ends in a bowl, and actuate the water lever. You will likely have water coming into the bowl, indicating that the water line in the door is frozen. There is no fix for this unfortunately, permanently anyway. You can temporarily resolve it by unplugging fridge, open freezer door, blow fan for 2-4 hours. the reason it freezes is the factory insulation is not 100% perfect, and the air pockets collect condensation and freeze. If you dont get any water in the bowl, you have a bad valve.
EDIT: I just reread your question, and you said you just changed filter. When you replace your old filter, you have to burp the air out of your new filter, this may take a minute or two before water comes out the dispenser. Check this FIRST before you continue with the water line.